i think that is a very dodgy generalisation. if you grew up in a council estate in the 1960's the opportunities for social mobility were almost certainly better than they are now, but that applies to everyone. if you were clever then you could get go to university and get a 100% grant. now you are looking at ?9k tuition fee threat and maintenance costs. although these are means of borrowing this money and not paying it back till later ( or if poor enough a top up which is a grant) this is harder to sell as a life enhancing thing. Generally your aspirations will now be lower. I am sure those that are the brightest with supportive parents and friends can still make it, but it will be so much harder than it used to be. Of course higher education is not the only way "up" but it is one of the ways . I feel quite uncomfortable with the phrase "exceeding the expectations of your background". It is like putting a cap on you before you start. Or am I being chippy now?